Method of making spades



W. H. COWDERY.

METHOD OF MAKING SPADESL APPLICATION FILED IULY31,1918.

Patented Nov. 30, 1920.

T NM 7mm Ff WW t UNITED STATESMRATENT OFFICE.

WARREiv if, cowbs t'y' or c r systsppg onio, ssfsiiroitro THE ERICANFORK AND HOE'COMPANY, F CLEYELAND, oHIo, AooitPoRA'rIoN or OHIO.

mason as massseams.

specification of Lettrs r a tent. Patented N 30 1920 appneauon'aled-rli31, 1918; Serial 1%. 247,501.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WARREN H. COWDERY, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Cleveland, county of Cuy'ahog'a, Statof' Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Iinprovement in Methods of Making'spades,

of which the following is a specification, the

principle of the invention being herein explained and the best modein"which"I -have contemplated applying thatprinciple, so as todistinguish it from other inventionsi The present invention, relating,a's'indicated to a method of making spades and similar articles,iscli1-ected "toward an improved method of manufacturing the metalportion of a spade or like article, without the necessity of adding orfastening thereto any such strip as is usually riveted or bolted acrossthe head of the spadeto serve as a foot rest. The common spade isusually provided with a short strip of metal extending transverselyacross the head of the spade and fastened by riveting or otherwise tothe body of the spade proper, andthis of course necessitates a separateformation of these strips and several operations in fastening the sameto the spade. Not only is the present method more economical than theones heretofore in use, but the article as thus manufactured isdistinctly superior and has no parts which can become unfastened fromthe spade proper. To the accomplishment of the foregoing and relatedends, said invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fullydescribed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

description set forth in detail one method and one product exemplifyingmy invention, such disclosed procedure and product constituting,however, but one of the various applications of the principles of myinvention.

In said annexed drawing Figure 1 is a plan view of a flat part of stockfrom which the spade blanks are cut or stamped, the lines of cutting andhence the form of the blanks being indicated in this figure; Fig. 2 is atransverse sectional view of forming rolls in operation upon apreviously stamped-out blank; Fig. 3 is a similar view showing slightlydifferent rolls for producing a modified type of spade, both of Figs. 2and 3 being more or less diagrammatic; and Figs. 4 and 5 are transversesections througli the head of the spades formed respectively by theroll's of Figs. 2 and 3.

As indicated in Fig. 1 the spade blanks are stamped from a rectangularrelatively thin sheet or bar of stock 1, the blanks beingstamped out inan interlocked'relation, and each blank consisting of a rectangularportion 2 and a shank portion 3,-extendin'g' at right angles to'thelongest dimensions of the body portion and transversely of the strip ofstock.

In my improved method of manufacture I first cut out the blanks and thenthin the body portion of the spade from the head end to the lower end oredge of the spade by means of rolls 4 and 5, shown in Fig. 2, which areprovided with extending portions 6 and 7, respectively. The outersurfaces of these extending portions are not formed concentrically aboutthe axis of the rolls, but are formed'like cams, so that the ends of thetwo extensions, which are shown at the right of Fig. 2 are closertogether when in contact with the spade 8, than are the two portions 9and 10, which are shown in this figure as in actual contact with thehead portion of the spade. The eccentricity of the extensions 6 and 7 isof course gradual, and is so arranged that the spade 8 is graduallytapered from a relatively slight thickness at the edge 11 to agreaterthickness at the portion 12, while the extensions are formed inunequal lengths, so that the end 9 of the extensionfi will leave thehead 12 of the spade before the end 10 of the extension 7 does, and inthis way forces the metal Theannexed drawing and the following which hasbeen rolled from the body of the spade to the upper end into atransversely extending shoulder 13 of some width. This shoulder 13 isshown in transverse section in Fig. 4. After the blade of the spade hasthus been graduated as to its thickness throughout its length the spadeis hammered or otherwise forged into the proper duce oppositelyextending shoulders 18, as

better shown in Fig. 5. Otherwise the ac tion of the rolls l4 and isidentical in function-with the operation of the rolls a and 5, which Ihave previously described, and the subsequent treatment of thepartially. formed spade blank is also the same.

By thus utilizing the metal which is rolled from one end'of thespade tothe other for the formation of a broadened head for the spade body, Ihave found it possible to make this head edge of sufficient width toserve as afoot rest or support, which is as V satisfactory asthefastenedsupport and is have to be fastened on during-the manufacture andcannot'come loose dur ng the use of the spade, no matter how severe isthis use.

Other forms ing the features of my invention instead of the one hereexplained, change being made in the form or construction, provided themay be employed embodye elements'stated by any of the following claimsor the equivalent of such stated elements be employed, whether producedby my preferred' method or by others embodying steps equivalent to thosestated in the following claims.

V I therefore particularly point out and dis tinctly claim-as myinvention y 1. The method of jmaking spades which consists in rolling aspade blank longitudinally to force the metaltherein to flow to-V wardthe head end, and forcing some of such metal laterally to form a'fiangealong the head end of such spade blank; r

r 2. The method ofmaking spades which consists inrolling a spade blanklongitudinally between eccentric rolls to force the metal thereinitoflow toward the head end, and forcing some of such 'displacedmetallaterally to form a flange along the head end of such spade blank. r

VSig'ned by me, this 26 day of July, 1918.

-74 I WAR-BENnice-Whiter,

